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This gives you some idea of how the file is stored either in clusters or just in the mft data section if small. Don't forget resident flag which denotes if the file is resident or not.
HOW TO USE NTFS UNDELETE HOW TO
Just watched the 21 min YouTube video on how to recover files deleted in NTFS using winhex. Once you watch this video it will become much clearer. Not sure the video but just type in winhex digital forensics recover deleted file. There is a useful 21 YouTube video which explains how to use winhex to access deleted file data on NTFS.
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Not sure of FAT32 but just use same approach. You need cluster size and number of clusters as well as the cluster number of where your data starts to calculate the start address if you want to access data from the master file table. You will need to change this flag if you to recover deleted file.
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The file located flag tells if file is marked deleted. There is a flag to denote folder or file (not sure where). Use an app like winhex to read information of the master file record. Unlink deletes file in c but if you look at the source code all it does is removes entry from table and updates the records. Ie NTFS uses master file records to store data of the file in clusters. I recommend you use winhex an application used for digital forensics to check your address calculations are correct. You need to understand how files are stored in fat32 and NTFS. Here's a good read (but not so technical): The best undelete programs give you an indication of the chances of recovering a file intact and even provide file viewers so you can check the contents before recovery.
HOW TO USE NTFS UNDELETE SOFTWARE
People who use deleted file recovery software are often amazed to find that it finds files that were deleted months or even years ago. But because the space isn't re-used straight away there is a very good chance that you will recover the deleted file 100% intact. Because another file may have used some or all of this disk space there is no guarantee that a deleted file can be recovered or if it is, that it won't have suffered some corruption. Undelete software understands the internals of the system used to store files on a disk (the file system) and uses this knowledge to locate the disk space that was occupied by a deleted file. You should know first how file deletion is done in FAT32/NTFS, and how other undelete softwares work.